In this handout photo courtesy of the US Air Force a 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron aircrew from Keesler Air Force Base, Missouri, flies a data collection mission into Hurricane Fiona from St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, on Thursday. The fierce storm is heading toward Atlantic Canada.

  • In this handout photo courtesy of the US Air Force a 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron aircrew from Keesler Air Force Base, Missouri, flies a data collection mission into Hurricane Fiona from St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, on Thursday. The fierce storm is heading toward Atlantic Canada.
  • Hurricane Fiona passes northwest of Cuba and Jamaica on its way to Atlantic Canada in this September 21, 2022 satellite image.

‘Fiona is going to be very, very significant and going to be one that people are going to remember for quite a long time.’

HALIFAX—Atlantic Canada is battening down the hatches to face what some meteorologists are calling one of the biggest storms to ever hit Eastern Canada.

As of Friday morning, Hurricane Fiona lurked about 1,100 kilometres south of Nova Scotia, travelling north northeast at about 40 kilometres an hour and showing maximum sustained winds of 200 km/h. The Category 3 hurricane is expected to make landfall in Cape Breton in the early hours of Saturday morning.

“Keep an eye on the forecasts and hunker down,” said David Neil, a warning preparation meteorologist for Environment Canada.

“Fiona is going to be very, very significant and going to be one that people are going to remember for quite a long time.”

While it’s still projected to make landfall as a hurricane, Fiona is expected to transition to a post-tropical storm shortly thereafter. That doesn’t mean it’ll get weaker, said Neil, just that its structure will change. In transition, Fiona will grow in scale, and its effects will be more widespread. Fiona will lose the symmetry around its core that is characteristic of hurricanes.

What that means, said Neil, is different effects at different parts of the storm; areas on the right-hand side of the storm will experience the strongest winds and highest waves, those on the left, heavier rains.

Fiona is still expected to bring heavy rains — 100 to 150 mm — 100 km/h winds with gusts of up to 160, and a water surge of about two metres, with occasional waves up to 15 metres to the Cape Breton coast.

Fiona is also showing extremely low-pressure readings at its core, which generally translate to higher winds. The current record for an observed low pressure was just over 940 millibars in a storm at St. Anthony, N.L. As of Friday morning, Fiona’s pressure was 936.

According to a lot of the model guidance, once it does get to Cape Breton, there are indications that it could set a record for lowest central pressure observed in Atlantic Canada,” said Neil.

Among meteorologists, Fiona is drawing comparisons to two of the biggest storms to hit Atlantic Canada in recent years — Hurricane Juan in September 2003 and Hurricane Dorian in September 2019.

In 2003, Juan made landfall near Halifax as a Category 2 hurricane, with winds up to 160 km/h. It caused eight fatalities and more than $300 million in damage.

In 2019, Dorian transitioned from a Category 2 hurricane to a post-tropical storm as it approached Nova Scotia, spreading its damage out across most of the province. It left half a million people without power and some $80 million damage.

Environment Canada has released a hurricane warning for much of the eastern coast of Nova Scotia, for P.E.I. and for southwest Newfoundland.

The centre of Fiona is expected to skirt the southwest coast of Newfoundland on Saturday morning — bringing similar conditions — after passing P.E.I.

By Sunday morning, said Neil, Fiona should have passed the region and winds should begin to diminish.

All three provinces put emergency crews on standby awaiting the storm while provincial officials urged residents to have food water, batteries and medication on hand for at least 72 hours post-landfall.

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